non-small cell lung cancer
6 curated biomarkers
FDA-approved treatments
- ALK
- Alecensa (alectinib) [fda]
- Alunbrig (brigatinib) [ema]
- Xalkori (crizotinib) [fda]
- Lorbrena (lorlatinib) [fda]
- BRAF
- Tafinlar (dabrafenib) [fda]
- Braftovi (encorafenib) [fda]
- Zelboraf (vemurafenib) [fda]
- EGFR
- Gilotrif (afatinib) [fda]
- Rybrevant (amivantamab-vmjw) [fda]
- Tarceva (erlotinib) [fda]
- Tagrisso (osimertinib) [fda]
- KRAS
- Krazati (adagrasib) [fda]
- Lumakras (sotorasib) [fda]
- MET
- Tabrecta (capmatinib) [fda]
- Tepmetko (tepotinib) [fda]
- PD-L1
- Tecentriq (atezolizumab) [fda]
- Imfinzi (durvalumab) [fda]
- Opdivo (nivolumab) [fda]
- Keytruda (pembrolizumab) [ema]
Prevalence
- ALK
ALK gene rearrangements occur in approximately 3%-7% of NSCLC, more common in younger patients and never-smokers.[fda]
- BRAF
BRAF V600E mutations occur in approximately 50% of cutaneous melanomas, 8%-15% of colorectal cancers, and 1%-3% of NSCLC.[fda]
- EGFR
Activating EGFR mutations occur in approximately 10%-15% of NSCLC in Western populations and approximately 30%-40% in Asian and never-smoker populations.[fda]
- KRAS
KRAS mutations occur in approximately 25% of NSCLC and up to 45% of colorectal cancers; KRAS G12C specifically accounts for approximately 13% of NSCLC and 3%-4% of colorectal cancer cases.[fda]
- MET
MET exon 14 skipping alterations occur in approximately 3%-4% of NSCLC, more common in older patients and those with sarcomatoid histology.[fda]
- PD-L1
PD-L1 expression thresholds and prevalence vary substantially by tumor type and assay; high PD-L1 expression (TPS >= 50%) is seen in approximately 25%-30% of NSCLC by validated companion diagnostic assays.[fda]
Tests / detection method
Therapeutic pipeline
- ALK
- Next-generation ALK inhibitors targeting compound resistance mutations (ALK compound resistance mutations) [fda]
- BRAF
- Class II/III BRAF-selective inhibitors targeting non-V600 alterations (non-V600 BRAF alterations) [fda]
- EGFR
- EGFR-MET bispecific antibodies [fda]
- Fourth-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting C797S resistance (EGFR C797S) [fda]
- KRAS
- KRAS G12D and pan-RAS/multi-RAS inhibitors (KRAS G12D, KRAS G12V) [fda]
- MET
- MET-directed antibody-drug conjugates (MET amplification) [fda]
- PD-L1
- Next-generation immune checkpoint combinations (e.g., LAG-3, TIGIT co-blockade) (LAG-3 expression, TIGIT expression) [fda]
Recent news for non-small cell lung cancer
PubMed Central · Oct 1, 2026
Pneumonitis in Older Patients With Non-squamous Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Pembrolizumab and Pemetrexed.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 3, 2026
Nintedanib in the prevention of radiation-induced lung injury in patients with unresectable stage II-III NSCLC: A protocol for a randomized, multicenter, control group study.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 2, 2026
KRAS Inhibitor-Induced Cancer Cell Death Enhances Sensitivity to Immune-Mediated Bystander Killing of Drug-Resistant Subclones.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 2, 2026
KRAS is required for plexiform neurofibroma formation and represents a targetable vulnerability in established tumors.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 2, 2026
A systematic review and network meta-analysis of first-line EGFR-TKI-based combination strategies for EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 2, 2026
A phase II multi-institutional single arm trial evaluating TG4010 vaccine plus nivolumab in non-small cell lung cancer.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 2, 2026
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis V9 overcomes CYFRA 21-1-linked immunochemotherapy resistance in NSCLC via microbial metabolites.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 1, 2026
Genomic Profiling of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer after Progression on First-line Osimertinib: Phase II ORCHARD Study.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 1, 2026
Pulsed Electric Field Ablation Reprograms Tumor Immunity and Stimulates Germinal Center Formation in Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 1, 2026
Sequential Immune Activation of Effector T Cells as Biomarkers of Response to Durvalumab in Patients with Locally Advanced NSCLC.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 1, 2026
Depletion of Soluble PD-L1 with Engineered Nanoparticles Promotes Antitumor Immunity and Tumor Control.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 1, 2026
Multilevel Network Meta-Regression With a Survival Outcome and an Application to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 1, 2026
Pulmonary ventilation images from planning CT images using deep learning on locally-advanced NSCLC patients.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 1, 2026
Dauriporphine Suppresses Cell Proliferation, Metastasis, and Stemness of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through the Regulation of the USP7/CASK.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 1, 2026
Intratumoral Mycobacterium abscessus promotes cytidine deaminase mutagenesis in non-small cell lung cancer.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Sep 1, 2026
Central Nervous System Activity of Lazertinib in EGFR-Mutated NSCLC With Prior EGFR TKI Exposure: A Pooled Analysis of KCSG-LU20-15 and LU21-01.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Aug 31, 2026
Computational identification and evaluation of Adenium obesum phytochemicals as potential EGFR inhibitors for targeted therapy against non-small-cell lung cancer.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Aug 31, 2026
PCK2 Inhibition Reverses Cisplatin Resistance of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Triggering Ferroptosis.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Aug 31, 2026
CT radiomics-histopathological correlation for mediastinal lymph node staging in non-small cell lung cancer.
Read at PubMed CentralPubMed Central · Aug 29, 2026
Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and clinical outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma: evidence from a large clinical cohort.
Read at PubMed Central